Gnome-shell и xdg-menu

This will create (if it doesn't already exist) and open (with the editor set by $EDITOR, or vi if nothing is set) the .category file in ~/.local/share/applications-categories for the provided category name. In this file, you can now add one application's '.desktop' filename per line. After all the desired applications have been added, you can then run: gnome-catgen -s to apply your configuration.

#!/usr/bin/env bash
##
## name:    gnomenu.sh
## version: 0.0.1
##
## usage:
## gnomenu.sh OPTION [LANG]
## options:
##   -i create gnome-menu categories.
##      option requires an argument,
##      example:
##          en  - for english
##          sys - for system locale
##   -u delete gnome-menu categories
##   -h print this message
##

SysCategoryDir=/usr/share/desktop-directories
LocalCategoryDir=~/.local/share/applications-categories
SysAppDir=/usr/share/applications
LocalAppDir=~/.local/share/applications

USAGE() {
	echo
	awk '/^## usage:$/,/^##$/' $0 | sed 's/^##//;s/^ //;/^$/d'
	echo
}

GET_NAME_ENG() {
	if [[ `echo "$1" | grep X-GNOME` ]];then
		echo "$(grep '^Name=' ${1}.directory | cut -d= -f2 )"
	elif [[ `echo "$1" | grep System` ]];then
		echo "System"
	else
		echo "$(echo "$1" | sed 's/\.desktop$//')"
	fi
}

GET_NAME_LOCAL() {
	if [[ -z $2 ]]||[[ "$2" == "en" ]];then
		local NameLocal=$(GET_NAME_ENG $1)
	else
		local NameLocal="$(grep -P "^Name\[$2\]=" ${1}.directory | cut -d= -f2 )"
	fi

	if [[ "$NameLocal" ]];then
		echo "$NameLocal"
	else
		echo $(GET_NAME_ENG $1)
	fi
}

UNINSTALL() {
	echo "Removing gnome-menu categories..."
	gnome-catgen -x
	rm -rf $LocalCategoryDir
	exit $?
}

INSTALL() {
	echo "Using $LocalLang language..."

	mkdir -p $LocalCategoryDir
	mkdir -p $LocalAppDir

	for CategoryFile in $(ls -1 | sed 's/\.directory$//'| grep -v "X-GNOME-Menu-Applications\|X-GNOME-Other\|xfce"); do
		CategoryNameEng=$(GET_NAME_ENG $CategoryFile)
		CategoryNameLocal=$(GET_NAME_LOCAL $CategoryFile $LocalLang)

		touch "$LocalCategoryDir/${CategoryNameLocal}.category"

		grep -iH "\<$CategoryNameEng\>" $SysAppDir/*.desktop |\
			grep "desktop:Categories=" |\
			cut -d: -f1 |\
			xargs -I{} basename {} >> "$LocalCategoryDir/${CategoryNameLocal}.category"
		grep -iH "\<$CategoryNameEng\>" $LocalAppDir/*.desktop |\
			grep "Categories=" |\
			cut -d: -f1 |\
			xargs -I{} basename {} >> "$LocalCategoryDir/${CategoryNameLocal}.category"
	done

	CategoryOtherLocal=$(GET_NAME_LOCAL X-GNOME-Other $LocalLang)
	gnome-catgen -r | tr ' ' '\n' >> "$LocalCategoryDir/${CategoryOtherLocal}.category"

	gnome-catgen -s
	exit $?
}

while getopts "i:uh" opt; do
	case $opt in
	u)
		uninstall=1
		;;
	i)
		if [[ $(echo $OPTARG | grep -P "\-?[uh]\b") ]];then
			echo "$0: option requires an argument -- i"
			USAGE
			exit 1
		fi
		if [[ $OPTARG == sys ]];then
			LocalLang=$(echo $LANG | cut -d_ -f1)
		else
			LocalLang=$OPTARG
		fi
		install=1
		;;
	h)
		USAGE
		exit 0
		;;
	?)
		USAGE
		exit 1
	esac
done

if [[ $install ]]&&[[ $uninstall ]];then
	echo "$0: you can not use -i and -u actions together"
	USAGE
	exit 1
	elif [[ $install ]];then
	cd $SysCategoryDir && INSTALL
	elif [[ $uninstall ]];then
	UNINSTALL
	else
	echo "$0: you must choose an action"
	USAGE
	exit 1
fi

echo $LANG | cut -d_ -f1